Commit 6999a419 authored by Claude Meny's avatar Claude Meny

Update cheatsheet.en.md

parent 8da98907
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*A - Wave Function and Measurement*
* The **wave function of a particle** (denoted by the Greek letter Psi $`\Psi`$) is governed by the
Schrödinger equation in non-relativistic quantum mechanics, or by the Klein-Gordon,
Dirac, Proca, Rarita-Schwinger equations (depending on the particle's spin) in quantum
field theory (which combines and extends special relativity and quantum mechanics).
* It is *not material*, and one of its particularities is to
*include an imaginary part* that plays a fundamental role.
* No one yet understands the real meaning of this wave.
It is **limited by the speed of light, except at the moment of a measurement**
(collapse of the wave function), which is a non-local, i.e., instantaneous phenomenon (therefore
with $v > c$).
This **non-local behavior** is *fundamentally random* and therefore
*does not allow communication* (otherwise, it would imply the existence of temporal paradoxes).
* Quantum waves are **disturbances in a probability field**,
described by the **wave function $`\psi`$**. The temporal evolution of this function is
governed by *Schrödinger's equation*, or by more advanced equations in *quantum field theory*
(which combines and extends special relativity and quantum mechanics).
* **$`\boldsymbol{\psi}`$** does not describe a classical wave, but rather a **probability amplitude**
of finding a particle in a given state (position, momentum, spin, etc.).
The *probability itself* is proportional to *$`|\boldsymbol{\psi}|^2`*.
In this sense, the quantum function **$`\boldsymbol{\psi}`$ describes wave-particle duality**.
* It is *not material*, and one of its particularities is
*having an imaginary component* that plays a fundamental role.
* No one yet fully understands the true meaning of this wave.
It is **limited by the speed of light, except during measurement**
(collapse of the wave function), which is a non-local phenomenon, i.e., instantaneous (therefore
with v > c).
This **non-local behavior** is *fundamentally random* and thus
*does not allow communication* (otherwise it would imply the existence of temporal paradoxes).
![](hydrogenoid-atom-quantum-mechanics-s-p-orbitales.gif)
_Representation of electron presence probability (blue) in s orbitals (center) and p orbitals (8 lobes)_
_of a hydrogen-like atom, with the atomic nucleus at the center and highly magnified (red)._
<br>
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